Stiffness (modulus of elasticity), shrinkage, hardness and weight for the 50 woods furniture makers actually buy. Primary source: USDA Wood Handbook (Forest Products Laboratory, FPL-GTR-282), cross-checked against the Wood Database — the source is printed on every species page, and any value the two sources disagree on uses the USDA figure. Each species page carries a built-in sag and movement calculator for that wood.
| Species | Stiffness E | Shrinkage R / T | Janka (lbf) | Weight (lb/ft³) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| African Mahogany | 1.40M psi | 2.5% / 4.5% | 830 | 33.9 |
| African Padauk | 1.90M psi | 3.1% / 5.0% | 1,710 | 46.5 |
| American Basswood | 1.46M psi | 6.6% / 9.3% | 410 | 26.0 |
| American Beech | 1.72M psi | 5.5% / 11.9% | 1,300 | 45.0 |
| American Elm | 1.34M psi | 4.2% / 9.5% | 830 | 35.0 |
| American Sycamore | 1.42M psi | 5.0% / 8.4% | 770 | 34.0 |
| Bald Cypress | 1.44M psi | 3.8% / 6.2% | 510 | 32.0 |
| Black Ash | 1.60M psi | 5.0% / 7.8% | 850 | 34.0 |
| Black Cherry | 1.49M psi | 3.7% / 7.1% | 950 | 35.0 |
| Black Locust | 2.05M psi | 4.6% / 7.2% | 1,700 | 48.0 |
| Black Walnut | 1.68M psi | 5.5% / 7.8% | 1,010 | 38.0 |
| Butternut | 1.18M psi | 3.4% / 6.4% | 490 | 27.0 |
| Douglas Fir (Coast) | 1.95M psi | 4.8% / 7.6% | 710 | 32.0 |
| Eastern Cottonwood | 1.37M psi | 3.9% / 9.2% | 430 | 28.0 |
| Eastern Redcedar | 0.88M psi | 3.1% / 4.7% | 900 | 33.0 |
| Eastern White Pine | 1.24M psi | 2.1% / 6.1% | 380 | 25.0 |
| Hackberry | 1.19M psi | 4.8% / 8.9% | 880 | 37.0 |
| Hard Maple (Sugar Maple) | 1.83M psi | 4.8% / 9.9% | 1,450 | 44.0 |
| Honduran Mahogany | 1.50M psi | 3.0% / 4.1% | 800 | 36.8 |
| Honey Locust | 1.63M psi | 4.2% / 6.6% | 1,580 | 47.0 |
| Incense Cedar | 1.04M psi | 3.3% / 5.2% | 470 | 24.0 |
| Iroko | 1.46M psi | 2.8% / 3.8% | 1,260 | 41.2 |
| Live Oak | 1.98M psi | 6.6% / 9.5% | 2,680 | 63.0 |
| Loblolly Pine | 1.79M psi | 4.8% / 7.4% | 690 | 35.0 |
| Northern White Cedar | 0.80M psi | 2.2% / 4.9% | 320 | 22.0 |
| Oregon White Oak | 1.09M psi | 4.2% / 9.0% | 1,640 | 51.0 |
| Osage Orange | 1.69M psi | 3.8% / 5.6% | 2,620 | 54.0 |
| Pecan | 1.73M psi | 4.9% / 8.9% | 1,820 | 46.0 |
| Ponderosa Pine | 1.29M psi | 3.9% / 6.2% | 460 | 28.0 |
| Quaking Aspen | 1.18M psi | 3.5% / 6.7% | 350 | 26.0 |
| Red Alder | 1.38M psi | 4.4% / 7.3% | 590 | 28.0 |
| Red Maple | 1.64M psi | 4.0% / 8.2% | 950 | 38 |
| Red Oak (Northern) | 1.82M psi | 4.0% / 8.6% | 1,290 | 43.8 |
| Redwood (Old Growth) | 1.34M psi | 2.6% / 4.4% | 480 | 26.0 |
| Sapele | 1.82M psi | 4.6% / 7.4% | 1,510 | 41.6 |
| Sassafras | 1.12M psi | 4.0% / 6.2% | 630 | 31.0 |
| Shagbark Hickory | 2.16M psi | 7.0% / 10.5% | 1,880 | 50.0 |
| Sitka Spruce | 1.57M psi | 4.3% / 7.5% | 510 | 27.0 |
| Sugar Pine | 1.19M psi | 2.9% / 5.6% | 380 | 25.0 |
| Sweet Birch | 2.17M psi | 6.5% / 9.0% | 1,470 | 46.0 |
| Sweetgum | 1.64M psi | 5.3% / 10.2% | 850 | 34.0 |
| Teak | 1.55M psi | 2.5% / 5.8% | 1,000 | 40.9 |
| Western Hemlock | 1.63M psi | 4.2% / 7.8% | 540 | 29.0 |
| Western Larch | 1.87M psi | 4.5% / 9.1% | 830 | 36.0 |
| Western Redcedar | 1.11M psi | 2.4% / 5.0% | 350 | 23.0 |
| White Ash | 1.74M psi | 4.9% / 7.8% | 1,320 | 42.0 |
| White Fir | 1.50M psi | 3.3% / 7.0% | 480 | 26.0 |
| White Oak | 1.78M psi | 5.6% / 10.5% | 1,360 | 47.0 |
| Yellow Birch | 2.01M psi | 7.3% / 9.5% | 1,260 | 43.0 |
| Yellow Poplar | 1.58M psi | 4.6% / 8.2% | 540 | 29.0 |
Shrinkage is green → ovendry, radial / tangential. Weight is average dried weight at 12% moisture content. Looking for a ranking instead? The Wood Picker scores all 50 by your priorities.